Limited progress in the Doha Round negotiations of the WTO has caused some people to suggest that the era of negotiations to reduce market access restrictions and other trade distorting domestic policies has passed and the way to move toward a more open world trading system is by using the WTO dispute resolution process to enforce the existing rules. Such a shift in strategy would undermine the original goals of the GATT and the WTO, reduce incentives for countries to make meaningful market access changes, increase the uncertainty in WTO trade policy rules and strengthen the hand of those who seek a mercantilist, managed trade system.
Much of the attention on biotech crops in 2005 focused on the billionth acre of biotech crops planted in early May and harvested in early October. These milestones confirmed that biotech crops are now firmly established as part of food production systems worldwide. Events of recent months show how increased acceptance of biotech crops continues to be a combination of politics and economics.
Rather than speculate about who won and lost at the WTO ministerial meeting in Hong Kong and how full the glass is, it is better to recognize that the glass has water in it and begin planning for the next stage of the negotiations. While huge uncertainties remain about how to bring the talks to a successful conclusion, the roadmap is a little clearer.
A forgone conclusion is that the results of the Hong Kong WTO Ministerial meeting will be less “ambitious” than many had hoped six months ago. There are plenty of targets for blame, including EU market access for agricultural products, U.S. agricultural subsidies and access to developing countries for industrial goods and services. All of these concerns are appropriate, but are not at the heart of the problem.
Negotiators from key countries in the WTO have continued to work on convergence of trade policy changes in preparation for the WTO ministerial meeting in Hong Kong beginning on December 13. While these efforts will not result in major breakthroughs at the meeting, they lay the groundwork for additional steps in Hong Kong and in early 2006.